Market, mercato, and ichiba

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

A place noisy, cheerful, and full of energy.

English: market

Dutch: markt

German: Markt

Italian: mercato

Spanish: mercado

Portuguese: mercado

French: marché

Russian: рынок

Swahili: soko

Arabic:  سوق [suːk(un)]

Chinese: 市场/市場 [shìchǎng]
 
Korean: 시장 [sijang]

Hindi: बाजार  [bājāra]

Japanese: 市場（いちば）[ichiba]

Society 6: FREE WORLDWIDE SHIPPING + $5 off each item

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

I now have a shop on Society6 where you can buy 
prints, mugs, phone cases, and more.

http://society6.com/porarap

Society6 is having an Artist promotion event until 
November 9th at midnight PST.

That is, FREE WORLDWIDE SHIPPING + $5 off each item in my shop 
except for Framed Art Prints, Stretched Canvases and Rugs.

Please make sure to use the link below to get the deal.

http://society6.com/porarap?promo=4Y287K3NDP29

Many thanks!

Summary "Railroad, reli, and ferrovia"

Here is a summary of words meaning "railroad."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- f/v --

Portuguese: ferrovia (ferro = iron)

Italian: ferrovia (ferro = iron)

Maltese: ferrovija

Spanish: ferrocarril (hierro = iron)

Esperanto: fervojo (fer (iron) + voj (way))

Hungarian: vasút (vas = iron, út = road/way/path)

-- e --

German: Eisenbahn  (Eisen = iron)

-- i --

Irish: iarnród (iron road)

Alsatian: d'r Isabàhn

-- r --

British English: railway

American English: railroad

Punjabi : reilpatty

Swahili: reli

Hindi:  रेलवे [rēlavē]

Turkish: ray

Tagalog: riles

Indonesian: rel kereta (api)

-- l --

Klingon (conlang): lupwI' mIr

Malay: Landasan kereta api (Landasan =path, Kereta = car, Api = fire)

-- s --

Dutch: spoorweg
 
Arabic: سكة حديدية [sikka(tun) hadiidiya(tun)]
            (حديد  =  iron)

Greek : σιδηρόδρομος [siđiróđromos] (σίδηρος (iron) + δρόμος (road))

-- sh --

French: chemin de fer (fer = iron)

-- z/j --

Russian: железная дорога (железо = iron)

Croatian: željeznica (željezo = iron)

Czech:　železnice (železo = iron)

Slovak: železnice

-- t/ch --

Chinese: 铁路/鐵路[tiělù] (铁/鐵 = iron)
 
Korean: 철도 [cheoldo] (철 = iron)

Japanese: 鉄道(てつどう) [tetsudou] (鉄 = iron)

Choctaw: tʋli hina (iron road)

Uzbek : temir yo'l  (iron way)

-- d --

Turkish: demir (iron) yolu (way, road)

Azerbaijani: demiryolu

Czech: dráha

Vietnamese: đường sắt (road iron)
Vietnamese: đường xe lửa (road vehicle fire)
Vietnamese: đường ray (road "rail")

-- k --

Corsican: caminu di ferru

Kadazandusun: kulitapui

-- h --

Breton: hent(où)-houarn

Cornish: hyns horn (iron path)

-- b  --

Usik (conlang): Boste

My first eBook "6 Pieces Of Time" is published!

Dear blog friends.

I am thrilled to tell you that my first eBook “6 Pieces Of Time” is now available on iBooks.

This is a video of a sample book.



The book took me two years after conception,
and I am glad that it has left me for an adventure, at last.

You can download a free sample or buy the whole book on iBooks.

https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/6-pieces-of-time/id923172407?mt=11&uo=4

A Japanese version is also available.

https://itunes.apple.com/jp/book/liutsuno-shi-jiannokakera/id925249589?mt=11&uo=4

Many thanks,

Pora

Railroad, reli, and ferrovia

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Let's go where the railroad runs.

Portuguese: ferrovia (ferro=iron)

Italian: ferrovia (ferro=iron)

Spanish: ferrocarril (hierro=iron)

German: Eisenbahn  (Eisen=iron)

English: railway

Swahili: reli

Hindi: रेलवे[rēlavē]

Dutch: spoorweg
 
Arabic: سكة حديدية [sikka(tun) hadiidiya(tun)]
                 (حديد = iron)

French: chemin de fer (fer=iron)

Russian: железная дорога (железо=iron)

Chinese: 铁路/鐵路[tiělù] (铁/鐵=iron)
 
Korean: 철도 [cheoldo] (철=iron)

Japanese: 鉄道(てつどう) [tetsudou] (鉄=iron)
]

Summary "Teatime, hora do chá, and Teezeit"

Here is a summary of words meaning "tea time."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- t --

English: teatime

Dutch: theetijd

Esperanto: teotempo

German: Teezeit

Swedish: tedags

Hungarian: teaidő

Armenian:  թեյի ժամը [tey jamë]

Spanish: hora del té

Italian: l'ora del the

French: l'heure du thé

Irish: Am tae

Malay: minum teh

Indonesia: saat minum teh, (waktunya minum) teh́,  waktunay)a nge-thé

Khmer: ពេលផឹកតែ

Usik (conlang): Tamja

-- ch/ts --

Portuguese: hora do chá

Zamboangueño: hora de chá

Russian: время чая

Thai: เวลาดื่มชา

Chinese: 下午茶时间/下午茶時間[xiàwǔ chá shíjiān]/喝茶时间

Cantonese: 下午茶 [ha6 ng5 tsa4]
       
Korean: 차 시간       [cha sigan]

Vietnamese: Giờ uống trà (𣇞㕵茶)

Japanese: お茶の時間（おちゃのじかん）[ocha no jikan]

Swahili: wakati chai

Uzbek: Choy vaqti

Hindi:  चाय के समय[cāya kē samaya]

Turkish: cay zamani/çay saati

Azerbaijani: cay zamani

-- sh --

Arabic:　وقت الشاي [waktalshaai]

Amharic: Yeshay Se'at

-- h --

Polish: czas na herbatę

-- a --

Lithuanian: Arbatos valandėlė

-- f --

Swedish: Fika

-- m --

Kapampangan: merienda, minindal

Tagalog: merienda

Ilocano: merienda (snack time)

Zamboangueño Language: merienda (break time)

-- p --

Ilocano: panagkakafe (coffee break), panagiitsa, panagtsatsaa, panagtsatsa (tea break)

Teatime, hora do chá, and Teezeit

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

If you feel like you are bogged down, perhaps it is time for a cup of tea.

English: teatime

Dutch: theetijd

German: Teezeit

Spanish: hora del té

Italian: ora del tè 

Portuguese: hora do chá

French: l'heure du thé

Russian: время чая

Chinese: 下午茶时间/下午茶時間[xiàwǔ chá shíjiān]

   

Korean: 차 시간 [cha sigan]

Japanese: お茶の時間（おちゃのじかん）[ocha no jikan]

Hindi:  चाय के समय[cāya kē samaya]

Arabic:　وقت الشاي [waktalshaai]

Swahili: wakati chai

Summary "ivy, lierre, and 常春藤"

Here is a summary of words meaning "ivy."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- a --

English: ivy

Hindi: आइवी लता [ā'ivī latā]

Thai: ไม้เลื้อยชื่อต้นไอวี่

-- i --

German: Efeu

Danish: efeu

Norwegian: eføy

Romanian: iederă

Spanish: hiedra

-- e --

Italian: edera

Portuguese: hera

Donegal Irish: eidheann

Usik (conlang): Efir

-- h --

Esperanto: hedero

-- u --

Arabic: عُلَّيْق    ['ullaik(un)]

-- k --

Dutch: klimop

Greek: κισσός

Vietnamese: cây thường xuân

-- l --

French: lierre

Arabic: لَبْلاَب[lublaab(un)]

-- ch --

Chinese: 常春藤 [cháng chūnténg]

-- d/t --

Korean: 담쟁이 덩굴 [damjaeng-i deong-gul]

Vannetais Breton: dehial, dehiaù

-- ts --

Japanese: 蔦（つた）[tsuta]

-- s --

Turkish: sarmaşık

-- p --

Russian: плющ

Ukrainian: плющ

-- b --

Czech: břečťan

Croatian: bršljan

Polish: bluszcz

Hungarian: borostyán

-- m --

Finnish: muratti

Swedish: murgröna

Ivy, lierre, and 常春藤

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Strong in the rain

Strong in the wind

Strong against the summer heat and snow

(Quotes from "Strong in the rain," Kenji Miyazawa)

English: ivy

Hindi: आइवी लता [ā'ivī latā]

German: Efeu

Italian: edera

Spanish: hiedra

Portuguese: hera

Arabic:   عُلَّيْق ['ullaik(un)]

Dutch: klimop

French: lierre

Chinese: 常春藤 [cháng chūnténg]

Korean: 담쟁이 덩굴 [damjaeng-i deong-gul]

Japanese: 蔦（つた）[tsuta]

Russian: плющ

Summary "Cave, caverna, and grotta"

Here is a summary of words meaning " (limestone) cave."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- c/k --

English: (limestone) cave

Portuguese: (calcário) caverna

French: caverne (calcaire)

Spanish: cueva (de piedra caliza)

Catalan: cova (de pedra calcària)

Esperanto: (kalkoŝtona) kaverno

Ilocano: kueba (ti bato apug)

Basque: (kareharrizko) koba

langue d'oc: cauna (de calcari)

Arabic:  كهف الحجر الجيري 

Usik (conlang): kauni

Tagalog: kweba

-- g --

Italian: (calcare) grotta

Corsican: grotta (di calcariu)

Maltese: grotta (franka)

French: grotte (de calcaire)

Dutch: (kalksteen)grot

Breton: groc'h/groh (grec'hier)

Hindi: (चूना पत्थर ) गुफा[cuna pt'thr gupha]

Nepali: ( चुन ढुङ)्गा ग[chn-dhunga-gufa]

Sindarin (conlang): gath, gathrod, (n)groth

-- h --

German: (Tropfstein)höhle

Vietnamese: hang (đá vôi) (𥧎𥒥𥔦)

Alsatian: d' Hehla/d'Hehl (vu Kàlchänthàltig)

-- m --

Georgian: მღვიმე [mghvime]

Azerbaijani: mağara

-- p --

Swahili: pango (la chokaa mawe)

Russian: (известняк) пещера

Bulgarian: пещера

-- b --

Franco-Provencal: bârma

langue d'oc: balma (de calcari)

Hungarian: barlang

-- f --

Sindarin (conlang): fela

-- d --

Chinese: (石灰岩溶)洞 [shíhuīyán róngdòng]

Korean: (석회)동 [seoghoedong]

Japanese: (鍾乳)洞(しょうにゅうどう) [shounyudo]

-- l --

Finnish: luola

Tagalog: langob

-- r --

Ilocano: rukib (ti bato apug)

-- s --

Corsican: sapara (di calcariu)

-- y --

Slovak: (vápencové) jaskyne

Czech: jeskyně

Polish: jaskinia

Tagalog: yungib

-- u --

Irish: uaimh (aolchloiche)

-- o --

Welsh/Cymraeg: ogof

Cave, caverna, and grotta

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Drop by drop, it has been shaped.

English: (limestone) cave

Portuguese: (calcário) caverna

Spanish: cueva (de piedra caliza)

Arabic:  كهف الحجر الجيري

Hindi: (चूना पत्थर ) गुफा[cuna pt'thr gupha]

Italian: (calcare) grotta

French: grotte (de calcaire)

Dutch: (kalksteen)grot

German: (Tropfstein)höhle

Russian: (известняк) пещера

Swahili: pango (la chokaa mawe)

Chinese: (石灰岩溶)洞 [shíhuīyán róngdòng]

Korean: (석회)동 [seoghoedong]

Japanese: (鍾乳)洞(しょうにゅうどう) [shounyudo]

Summary "Fruit, frutta, and फल [phala]"

Here is a summary of words meaning "fruit."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- f --

English: fruit

Dutch: vrucht/fruit

French: fruit

Catalan: fruita

Spanish: fruta

Albanian: fruta

Italian: frutta

Portuguese: fruta/fruto

Galician: froita

Danish: frugt

Ilocano: frutas

Vannetais Breton: fréh

Greek: φρούτο

Russian: фрукт

Esperanto: frukto

Arabic: فاكهة [faːkiha(tun)]

Hindi: फल [phala]

-- v --

Croatian: voće

-- p --

Filipino: prutas

Tagalog: prutas

Ilocano: prutas

Cebuano: prutas

Urdu: پھل

-- b --

Indonesia: buah

Malay: buah

Tagalog: bunga, bungang kahoy

Ilocano: bunga

Cebuano: bonga

-- m --

Swahili: matunda

Lingala: mbuma

Shona: muchero

Dari: میوه

Scottish/Gàidhlig: meas

Uzbek language: meva

-- h --

Finnish: hedelmä

-- k/g --

Japanese: 果物（くだもの） [kudamono]

Korean: 과일 [gwail]

Vietnamese: (hoa) quả

Hungarian: gyümölcs

-- o --

German: obst

Polish: owoc

-- sh --

sesotho: shanaphola

Chinese: 水果 [shuǐguǒ]

-- j --

Mongolia: jims

-- t --

Swazi: titselo

Burma: သစ္သီး[thit tee]

Vietnamese: trái (cây),

Donegal Irish: toradh

-- n --

Kachin:  နမ္ဆီ[namsi]

Fruit, frutta, and फल [phala]

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

A gift from the earth.

English: fruit

Dutch: fruit

French: fruit

Spanish: fruta

Italian: frutta

Portuguese: fruto

Russian: фрукт

Arabic: فاكهة [faːkiha(tun)]

Hindi: फल [phala]

Japanese: 果物（くだもの） [kudamono]

Swahili: matunda

German: obst

Korean: 과일 [gwail]

Chinese: 水果 [shuǐguǒ]

Summary "Countryside, campo, and 시골"

Here is a summary of words meaning "countryside."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

- c/k --

Italian: campagna

French: campagne

Portuguese: campo

Spanish: campo

Catalan: camp [kam]

Indonesian: kampung (a group of houses in a village), kampung halaman (homeland)

Tagalog: Kabukiran, Kaparangan

Cymraeg/Welsh: cefn gwlad

English: countryside

Bosnian: krajolik

-- h --

Dari:  حومهء شهر

-- d/t --

Hindi: देहात [dehat]

Chinese: 田园/田園 [tiányuán]

Donegal Irish: an tuath

-- s/c --

Bosnian: selo

Russian: сельская местность

Korean: 시골[sigol]

Chinese: 鄉下 [xiāngxià]

-- l --

German: Landschaft, Land, die Lande

-- r --

Arabic: ريف [riːf(un)]

-- n --

Swahili: nchi

Vietnamese: Nông Thôn

-- m --

Kapampangan: Marangle

Vannetais Breton: er mézaou

Vietnamese: miền quê

-- b --

Usik (conlang): bausi

-- p --

Dutch: platteland

Afrikaans: platteland

Indonesian: pedesaan (villages and surroundings), pinggiran kota (suburb, rural area)

Bosnian: priroda

-- v --

Czech: venkov

Slovak: vidiek

Hungarian: vidék

Vietnamese: vùng quê

-- i --

Japanese: 田舎（いなか）[inaka]

-- a --

greek: agros

Countryside, campo, and 시골

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

A place to refill my energy.

Italian: campagna

French: campagne

Portuguese: campo
                                                           
Spanish: campo

English: countryside

Dutch: platteland

Hindi: देहात [dehat]

Chinese: 田园/田園 [tiányuán], 鄉下 [xiāngxià]

Russian: сельская местность

Korean: 시골[sigol]

Swahili: nchi

German: Landschaft, Land, die Lande

Arabic: ريف [riːf(un)]

Japanese: 田舎（いなか）[inaka]

Summary "Cake, торт, and bolo"

Here is a summary of words meaning "cake."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- k/c --

English: cake

Hindi:  केक [kek]

Korean: 케이크 [keikeu]

Japanese: ケーキ [keːki]

Persian: [kejk]

Swahili: keki　

Nepali: kek

Malay: kek

Sorani Kurdish: kek

Shona zimbabwean: Keke

Arabic: كعكة [ka'aka(tun)] كيكة [kiːka(tun)]

Donegal Irish: cáca

Norwegian: kake

German: Kuchen

Esperanto: kuko

Latvian: kūka

Hebrew: עוגה

Indonesian: kue

Bosnian: kolac(h)

Vannetais Breton: katèuen

-- g --

French: gâteau

-- d --

Chinese: 蛋糕 [dàngāo]

Czech: dort

-- t --

Italian: torta

Spanish: torta

Bosnian: torta

Venezuela: Torta

Russian: торт

Romanian: tort

Polish (polski): Tort (for birthday cake)

Dutch: taart

Swedish: tårta

Cornish : Tesen

-- ch --

Polish (polski): Ciasto

-- n --

Georgian: ნამცხვარი [namtskhvari]

-- b --

Manx: Berreen

Portuguese: bolo

Spanish: bizcocho

-- p --

Spanish: pastel

Romanian: prăjitură

-- r --

Javanese: roti

Cake, торт, and bolo

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

No one can resist this.

English: cake

Hindi: केक  [kek]

Korean: 케이크 [keikeu]

Japanese: ケーキ [keːki]

Swahili: keki　

Arabic: كعكة [ka'aka(tun)]

German: Kuchen

French: gâteau

Chinese: 蛋糕 [dàngāo]

Italian: torta

Dutch: taart

Russian: торт

Portuguese: bolo

Spanish: pastel

Summary "Grass, erba, and pul"

Here is a summary of words meaning "grass."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- h --

Arabic: حٌَشِيش [hashish]

Maltese: ħaxix

French: herbe

Franco-Provencal: Hérba

Valencian-Catalan: herba

Latin: herba

Catalan: herba

Spanish: hierba

-- e --

Italian: erba

Corsican: erba

langue d'oc: èrba

-- a --

Corsican: arba, arbi

-- i --

Rwandese: ibinyantsi

Kirundi: Ivyatsi

-- y --

Aure Gascon: yèrbo

Lao: ຫຍ້າ[yar]

Vannetais Breton: iaut [jo:t]

-- o --

Turkish: ot

-- u --

Arabic:  عُشٌْْبٌ  ['ushbun]

-- g --

Dutch: gras

English: grass

German: Gras

Afrikaans: gras

Alsatian: s' Grààs

Icelandic: gras

Danish: Græs

Welsh: glaswellt (blue/green straw)

Breton: geot

West-Frisian: gers (n)

Catalan: gespa (lawn)

Nepali: Ghaas

Hindi:  घास   [ghāsa]

Bengali: ঘাস [ghās]

Odia (india): ghasa

Greek: γρασίδι

Latin: gramen

Portuguese: grama

Mexican Spanish: grama (rare)

-- k --

Japanese: 草（くさ）[kusa]

Latin: cespes

Latin: cacumen

-- f --

Irish: féar

Scottish Gaelic: feur

Hungarian: fű

-- s/sh --

Kadazandusun (north borneo): sakot

Cebuano: sagbot

Javanese: suket

Mexican Spanish:  cesped

Kazakh: Sheop

-- z --

Latvian: zāle

Lithuanian : žole

Mexican Spanish: zacate

kreyol Haiti: zèb

-- j --

Sundanese: jukut

-- c/ts --

Hausa: ciyawa

Chinese: 草 [cǎo]

Cantonese: 草 [cou2]

Vietnamese: cỏ

-- t --

Russian: трава

Slovak: tráva

Czech: tráva

Bosnian: trava

Croatian: trava

Polish: trawa

Macedonian: трева [treva]

-- d --

Tagalog: damo

Kapampangan: dikút

-- r --

Malay : rumput

Indonesian: rumput

Minangkabau: rumpuik

-- n --

Swahili: nyasi

-- m --

Swahili: majani

-- p --

Korean: 풀 [pul]

Mexican Spanish: pasto (polite)

-- b --

Cebuano: Balili

Valencian-Catalan: brossa

Tsez: бих (bix)

Grass, erba, and pul

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Homes of small creatures.

Italian: erba

French: herbe

Spanish: hierba

Dutch: gras

English: grass

German: Gras

Portuguese: grama

Hindi:  घास   [ghāsa]

Chinese: 草 [cǎo]

Russian: трава

Swahili: majani, nyasi

Korean: 풀 [pul]

Japanese: 草（くさ）[kusa]

Arabic:  عُشٌْْبٌ  ['ushbun]

Summary "fire, fuoco, and огонь"

Here is a summary of words meaning "fire."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.


-- f/v --

German: Feuer

English: fire

Filipino: fire

Norwegian: fyr

Frisian: fjoer

Esperanto: fajro

Dutch: vuur

Alsatian: s'Fihr/fino

Portuguese: fogo

Spanish: fuego

Usik (conlang): fok

Italian: fuoco

Catalan: foc

Corsican: focu

Greek: φωτιά [fo'tça]

Croatian: vatra

Bosnian: vatra

Serbian: vatra

French: feu

Franco-Provencal: fua

Thai: ไฟ [fai]

Laos: ไฟ [fai]

Cantonese: 火 [fo2]

-- h --

Armenian: հուր

Vietnamese: 火 [hoả] (used in compounds)

Chinese: 火 [huǒ]

Japanese: 火（ひ）[hi]

Armenian:հուր [hur]

Fula : heeiti

Tigrinya language: ሓዊ

-- k --

Armenian: կրակ

Ciluba: kapia

-- g --

Javanese: geni

-- b --

Korean: 불[bul]

Swedish: bål

Dutch: brand

Norwegian: brann

Alsatian: s'brännt

Faroese: brandur

Corsican: ben

Komi: Bi

-- p --

Russian: POZHAR

Hittite: pahhur

Ancient Greek πῦρ [py:r], πυρά

Kaingang: pĩ

Thai: เพลิง [plerng](flare)

-- m --

Manipuri: mei

Swahili: moto

Shona: moto

Sesotho: mollo

Zulu: mlilo

-- n --

Arabic: نَار [nar(un)]

Maltese: nar

Lebanese: nar

Kashmiri: Nar

Quechua: nina

Telugu:  నిప్పు" [nippu]

Tamil: neruppu

-- l --

Vietnamese: lửa

-- d --

Tagalog: dalab

-- t/ts --

Welsh: tân

Breton: tan [tɑ̃ː/tɑ̃]

Cornish: tan

Dusun: Tapui

Kadazan : tapui

Tupi and Guarani: tata

Nahuat: Tit

Hungarian: tűz

Mariy: Tu

Estonian: Tuli

Finnish: tuli

Ersyan: Tol

Komi: tõl (old word)

Irish: tine

Scottish Gaelic: teine

Donegal Iridh: teinidh

Malayalam: thee

Otomí: tsibi

Georgean: ცეცხლი  [tstskhli]

-- s --

Santhali: sengel

Kapampangan: Silab

Sundanese: seuneu

Basque: Su [s̺u]

Abkhaz: сущ

-- z --

Ossetic: зынг

-- a --

Azeri: alov

Tagalog: alab/apoy

Komering: apoy

Ilocano: apuy

Indonesian: api

Malay: api

Kapampangan: Apî

Ossetic: арт

Malagasy: afo

kawi: agni

Kurdish: agir

Kurdish Sorani: agir

Sanskrit: agni

Bengali: Agun

Urdu: aag

Hindi: आग [ag]

Nepali (ne-NP): आगो

Bengali: আগুন[agun]

Turkish: ateş

Latin: Ardor

Baluchi:aas

Dari:آتش

Persian: ātiş

Eugene's new conlang: āē'

-- o --

Kazakh: Ot

Turkish: od (old-fashioned)

Azeri: od, ocaq

Czech: oheň

Slovak: OHEŇ

Russian: огонь

Bulgarian: огън

Polish: ogień

Persian: оташ

Samogitian:ognės

-- u --

Lithuanian: ugnis

Assamese : জুই [ui]

Zulu: umlilo

Ikirundi: Umuriro, umucanwa, umukomezwa,

Thai:  อัคคี [uck-key]

-- e --

Faroese: Eldur

Icelandic: eldur

Swedish: eld

Norwegian: eld

Amharic: esat

-- i --

Hebrew: אש [ish]

Norwegian: ild

Danish: Ild

Latin: Ignis, Incendium

Fire, fuoco, and огонь

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Something that made human beings different from other animals.

French: feu

German: Feuer

English: fire

Portuguese: fogo

Spanish: fuego

Italian: fuoco

Dutch: vuur, brand

Chinese: 火 [huǒ]

Japanese: 火（ひ）[hi]

Korean: 불[bul]

Swahili: moto

Arabic: نَارٌ [nar(un)]

Russian: огонь

Hindi: आग  [ag]

Summary "bonfire, falò, and takibi"

Here is a summary of words meaning "bonfire."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- f/v --

Italian: falò

Thai:  ไฟ [faii]

Swedish: våreld

Swedish: våreld

Terlan: fedan

German: Feuer

Dutch: vreugdevuur/kampvuur

Afrikaans: vuur

Usik (conlang): Fokun

Portuguese: fogueira

Spanish: fogata

Sardinian: fonchiláda

-- h --

Spanish: hoguera

-- k/g --

Chinese: 篝火 [gōuhuǒ]

Finnish: kokko

Russian: костер

Georgian: კოცონი [kotsoni]

Tshiluba : kadilu, kapia

Papiamento: kandela

Ilocano: gayebgen

Dutch: kampvuur

Slovene: kres (Kresnik = slovene prechristian god)

Swedish: kase

French: feu de joie

Thai: กองไฟ [kɔːŋ faj] (a pile of fire(wood))

Cymraeg/Welsh: coelcerth

-- b --

English: bonfire

Swahili: bonfire

Filipino: bonfire, bonpayr

Scots: banefire

Telugu: bogi manta

Nordwegian: bål

Swedish: bål, brasa

-- p --

Greek: Πυρά [pirá]

-- m --

Hebrew: מדורה [medura]

Korean: 모닥불 [modagbul]

Arabic: مَشْعَل[mash'ala(tun)]

Swahili: moto

Lingala : moto

Bemba : mulilo

-- a --

Hindi: अलाव [alāva]

Urdu: aag آگ

Dari:آتش بازی

Indonesian: Api Unggun

-- e --

Swedish: eld

-- o --

Polish: ognisko

-- u --

Kirundi: Umuriro, Umucanwa

Malay: Unggun Api

-- t --

Tagalog (Marinduque Dialect): Tap-ong

Breton: un tantad tan (a fireful of fire)

Cornish: tansys

Japanese: 焚き火（たきび） [takibi]

Azerbaijani: tonqal

Scottish/Gàidhlig: teine-aighir (teine=fire aighir = joy)

Irish: Tine chnámh

-- d --

Vietnamese: Đống lửa

Haitian Creole: dife

Kreol Morisyen: dife

-- l --

Lithuanian: laužas

German: Lagerfeuer, Leuchtfeuer

Swedish: lägereld

-- n --

Finnish: nuotio

Arabic: نار [nar]

-- s/sh --

Tagalog: Sigâ

Arabic: شُعْلَة[shu'ala(tun)]

Bonfire, falò, and takibi

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Watching a bonfire makes me recall the old days.

Italian: falò

French: feu de joie

German: Lagerfeuer/Leuchtfeuer

Dutch: vreugdevuur/kampvuur

Portuguese: fogueira

Spanish: fogata/hoguera

English: bonfire

Swahili: bonfire

Hindi: अलाव [alāva]

Chinese: 篝火 [gōuhuǒ]

Russian: костер

Korean: 모닥불 [modagbul]

Arabic: مَشْعَلَة [mash'ara(tun)]

Japanese: 焚き火（たきび） [takibi]

Summary "Street, calle, and barabara"

Here is a summary of words meaning "street."

Thanks to those who have commented on the Facebook page.

-- s --

English: street

Dutch: straat

Esperanto: strato

Corsican: stretta

Italian: strada

Romanian: stradă

Welsh : stryd

German: Straße

Alsatian: d' Schtroos

Gaelic: sraid (street)

Irish: Sráid

Scottish: sràid

Germanic lowland Scots: Streit

Hindi: सड़क [saraka]

Bhojpuri: सड़क [sarak]

Turkish: sokak

Arabic:  شَارِعٌ[shariu(n)]

Dari Persian: sarak

-- th --

Malayalam: തെരുവ്‌[theruvu]

Greek: Δρόμος [thrOmos]

-- t --

Maltese: triq

-- d --

Romany: drom

Romanian: drum (from Greek)

Vietnamese: đường

Upper Sorbian: dróha

Lower Sorbian: droga

Cebuano: Dalan

Javanese: dalan

Kannada: Daari

-- j/ch --

Indonesian (Malay): Jalan

Chinese: 街 [jiē]

Chinese: 街头/街頭 [jiētóu] "outside on the street"

-- r --

Gaelic: rathad (road)

Javanese: ratan

French: rue

Portuguese: rua

Franco-Provencal: rua

Vannetais Breton: rhu

Hebrew:  רחוב [reĥóv]

Albanian: rrugë

-- l --

Kreol Morisyen: Lari

Haitian Creole: lari

Myanmar: lann [လမ္]

Tagalog: Lansangan

-- k/g --

Catalan: carrer [ka'reɾ]

Spanish: calle

Asturian/Leonese: cai/calli

Ilocano: kalsada
 
Papiamentu: kaya


Cebuano: Kalye

Finnish: katu


Kazakh: koshe

Uzbek: ko`cha

Georgian: ქუჩა [qucha]

Korean: 거리 [geoli]

Cantonese: 街 [Gaai1]

Norwegian (Bokmål): gate

Icelandic: gata

Swedish: gata

Danish: gade

Germanic lowland Scots: Gait

-- h --

Persian: خیابان
[khiyaban]

Welsh : heol

-- b --

Swahili: barabara

Lingala: balabala

kirundi: ibarabara

Irish: bóthar [road]

-- p --

Latin: platea

-- m --

Kannada: Maarga

-- u --
 
Russian: улица

Hungarian: utca

Slovak: ulica/ulice

Polish: ulica

Croatian: ulica


Bosnian: ulica

Serbian: ulica/улица

Romanian: uliţă (from Common Slavic)


Czech: ulice


Usik (conlang): Uli

-- y --

Uzbek: yul (way, route)

-- o --

Greek: οδό [othOs]

-- i --

Latvian: iela

-- e --

Javanese: embong

-- a --

Sardinian: Arrùga

-- v --

Latin: via

Norwegian (Bokmål): vei (road)

Tamil : வீதி[veedhi]

Japanese: 通り(とおり)

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns 4A+A2 "4th Long Alif i + Hamza over Alif (2)" (ALiLLaa u)

-To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Many Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives have a long vowel.

In some of them, Alif (long "a") is inserted as a fourth letter, and
another Alif with Hamza is attached to the head.

They belong to "4th Alif + A(1)" group and have rhythm "ALLiLaa u," or
belong to "4th Alif + A(2)" group and have rhythm "ALiLLaa u."

Here are examples of words belonging to the "4th Alif+ A(2)" group.

meaning	plural - singular
lover	حَبِيبٌ - أَحِبَّاءُ، أَحِبَّةٌ، أَحْبَابٌ
light	ٌخَفِيفٌ -  أَخِفَّاءُ، خِفَافٌ، أَخْفَافٌ، خَفِيفَات
strong	شَدِيدٌ - أَشِدَّاءُ، شِدَادٌ، شَدِيدَاتٌ
healthy, true	صَحِيحٌ - أَصِحَّاءُ، صِحَاح، أَصِحَّةٌ
doctor	طَبِيبٌ - أَطِبَّاءُ، أَطِبَّةٌ
strong, precious	عَزِيزٌ - أَعِزَّاءُ، أَعِزَّةٌ
little	قَلِيلٌ  ـ أَقِلاَّءُ، قِلاَلٌ، قَلاَئِلُ

To see other groups, click on the links below.
3Aa1  3Aa2  3Aa3  3Aa4  3Ai  3W  3A+A
4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
Sa  Si  Su1  Su2  S+A1  S+A2  S+A3


To jump to a summary page, "Arabic broken plural nouns - summary," click here.

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns S+A2 "Short + Hamza over Alif (2)" (ALiLLatun)

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Some of Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives do not include a long vowel.

Some of those only-short-vowel plural forms have:
a Hamza over Alif on the head;
a Ta Marbuta on the tail; and
a rhythm "ALiLLaTun."

They belong to "Short + Hamza over Alif (2)" group.

Here are examples of words belonging to the "Short + Hamza over Alif (2)" group.

meaning	plural - singular
darling	حَبِيبٌ -  أَحِبَّةٌ، أَحِبَّاءُ، أَحْبَابٌ
bed	سَرِيرٌ - أَسِرَّةٌ، سُرُرٌ، سَرَايِرُ
healthy, true	صَحِيحٌ -  أَصِحَّةٌ، أَصِحَّاءُ، صِحَاحٌ
doctor	طَبِيبٌ - أَطِبَّةٌ، أَطِبَّاءُ
precious	عَزِيزٌ -  أَعِزَّةٌ، أَعِزَّاءُ
- - - - -
tooth	سِنٌّ - أَسِنَّةٌ، أَسْنَانٌ، أَسُنٌّ
- - - - -
leader	إِمَامٌ - أَئِمَّةٌ، أَيِمَّةٌ
- - - - -
crown	إِكْلِيلٌ -  أَكِلَّةٌ، أَكَالِيلُ

Last updated: 31 May 2014.




To see other groups, click on the links below.
3Aa1  3Aa2  3Aa3  3Aa4  3Ai  3W  3A+A
4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
Sa  Si  Su1  Su2  S+A1  S+A2  S+A3

To jump to a summary page, "Arabic broken plural nouns - summary," click here.

Street, calle, and barabara

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

People are walking and cars are passing.

English: street

Dutch: straat

Italian: strada

German: Straße

Hindi: सड़क  [saraka]

Arabic:  شَارِعٌ  [shariu(n)]

French: rue

Portuguese: rua

Spanish: calle

   

Korean: 거리 [geoli]

Swahili: barabara

   

Russian: улица

Chinese: 街(头)/街(頭) [jiē(tóu)]

Japanese: 通り(とおり)

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns Si "Short i" (LiLaLun)

--To read this post in Japanese, click here. 

Some of Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives do not include a long vowel.

Among them,  a plural form of words belonging to "Short i"  group
start with a letter with vowel i, and have rhythm "LiLaLun."

 Here are examples of words belonging to the "Short i" group.

meaning	plural - singular
edge	حَرْفٌ - حِرَفٌ
- - - - -
suit	بَدْلَةٌ -  بِدَلٌ، بَدَلاَتٌ
flat	شَقَّةٌ - شِقَقٌ، شُقَقٌ، شَقَّاتٌ
- - - - -
cat	قِطٌّ - قِطَطٌ، قِطَاطٌ، قِطَطَةٌ
- - - - -
hatred	إِحْنَةٌ - إِحَنٌ
needle	إِبْرَةٌ - إِبَرٌ
innovation	بِدْعَةٌ - بِدَعٌ
pond	بِرْكَةٌ - بِرَكٌ
handicraft	حِرْفَةٌ - حِرَفٌ
portion, class	حِصَّةٌ - حِصَصٌ
merchandise	سِلْعَةٌ - سِلَعٌ
team	فِرْقَةٌ - فِرَقٌ
story	قِصَّةٌ - قِصَصٌ
piece	قِطْعَةٌ - قِطَعٌ
ratio	نِسْبَةٌ - نِسَبٌ

Last updated: 8 Oct 2014.



To see other groups, click on the links below.
3Aa1  3Aa2  3Aa3  3Aa4  3Ai  3W  3A+A
4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
Sa  Si  Su1  Su2  S+A1  S+A2  S+A3

To jump to a summary page, "Arabic broken plural nouns - summary," click here.

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns Sa "Short a" (LaLaLaTun)

--To read this post in Japanese, click here. 

Some of Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives do not include a long vowel.

Among them,  a plural form of words belonging to "Short a"  group
start with a letter with vowel a,
end with Ta Marbuta, and
have rhythm "LaLaLaTun."

 Here are examples of words belonging to the "Short a" group.

meaning	plural - singular
young	شَابٌّ - شَبَبَةٌ، شُبَّانٌ، شَبَابٌ، شَابَّاتٌ
- - - - -
malicious	خَبِيثٌ - خَبَثَةٌ، خُبَثَاءُ، أَخْبَاثٌ، خُبْثٌ، خَبِيثُونَ، خَبِيثَاتٌ، خَبَائِثُ
grandson	حَفِيدٌ، حَفِيدَةٌ - حَفَدَةٌ، أَحْفَادٌ،   حَفِيدَاتٌ
weak	ضَعِيفٌ - ضَعَفَةٌ، ضِعَافٌ، ضُعَفَاءُ، ضَعَائِفُ
- - - - -
sinful	آثِمٌ - أَثَمَةٌ، آثِمُونَ ، آثِمَاتٌ
ignorant	جَاهِلٌ - جَهَلَةٌ، جُهَّلٌ، جُهَّالٌ، جُهَلاَءُ، جَاهِلُونَ، جَاهِلاَتٌ
guardian	حَافِظٌ - حَفَظَةٌ، حُفَّاظٌ، حَافِظُونَ، حَافِظَاتٌ
attendant	خَادِمٌ -  خَدَمَةٌ، خُدَّامٌ
student	طَالِبٌ - طَلَبَةٌ، طُلاَّبٌ، طَالِبُونَ، طَالِبَاتٌ
employee	عَامِلٌ - عَمَلَةٌ، عُمَّالٌ، عَامِلاَتٌ
killer	قَاتِلٌ - قَتَلَة، قُتَّالٌ، قَاتِلُونَ، قَاتِلاَتٌ
writer	كَاتِبٌ - كَتَبَةٌ، كُتَّابٌ، كَاتِبُونَ، كَاتِبَاتٌ
priest	كَاهِنٌ -  كَهَنَةٌ، كُهَّانٌ
skilled	مَاهِرٌ - مَهَرَةٌ
- - - - -
brave	شُجَاعٌ، شِجَاعٌ - شَجَعَةٌ، شُجْعَانٌ، شُجَاعَاتٌ

Last updated: 5 May 2014.


To see other groups, click on the links below.
3Aa1  3Aa2  3Aa3  3Aa4  3Ai  3W  3A+A
4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
Sa  Si  Su1  Su2  S+A1  S+A2  S+A3

To jump to a summary page, "Arabic broken plural nouns - summary," click here.

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns 4Ai+N "4th Long Alif i + Noon" (LiLLaaNun)

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Many Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives have a long vowel.
Some of them start with a letter with vowel "i,"
have Alif (long "a") as a fourth letter, and end with Noon.
The rhythm is "LiLLaaNun."
They belong to "4th Long Alif i + N" group.

Here are examples of words belonging to the "4th Long Alif i + N" group.

meaning	plural - singular
mouse	فَأْرٌ - فِئْرَانٌ
- - - - -
brother	أَخٌ -  إِخْوَانٌ، إِخْوَةٌ
- - - - -
dry valley	وَادٍ -  وِدْيَانٌ، أَوْدِيَةٌ
- - - - -
talk	حَدِيثٌ -  حِدْثَانٌ، أَحَادِيثُ
adolescent	صَبِيٌّ - صِبْيَانٌ، صُبْيَانٌ، صِبْيَةٌ، صَبْيَةٌ، أَصْبَيَةٌ
- - - - -
lamb	خَرُوفٌ - خِرْفَانٌ، خِرَافٌ، أَخْرِفَةٌ
- - - - -
crow	غُرَابٌ - غِرْبَانٌ، أَغْرُبٌ، أَغْرِبَةٌ
boy, youth	غُلاَمٌ - غِلْمَانٌ، غِلْمَةٌ
- - - - -
- - - - -
bull	ثَوْرٌ - ثِيرَانٌ
- - - - -
adolescent	فَتىً - فِتيَانٌ، فِتْيَةٌ
- - - - -
string	خَيْطٌ -  خِيطَانٌ، خُيُوطٌ، أَخْيَاطٌ
visitor	ضَيْفٌ -  ضِيفَانٌ، ضُيُوفٌ، أَضْيَافٌ
- - - - -
wall	حَائِطٌ - حِيطَانٌ، حِيَاطٌ، حَوَائِطُ
- - - - -
door	ٌبَاب - بِيبَانٌ، أَبْوَاب
crown	تَاجٌ - تِيجَانٌ
flame	نَارٌ - نِيرَانٌ

Last updated: 8 Oct 2014.



To see other groups, click on the links below.
3Aa1  3Aa2  3Aa3  3Aa4  3Ai  3W  3A+A
4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
Sa  Si  Su1  Su2  S+A1  S+A2  S+A3

To jump to a summary page, "Arabic broken plural nouns - summary," click here.

Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns 3Aa4 "3rd Long Alif a (4)" (LaLaaLaa)

--To read this post in Japanese, click here.

Many Arabic broken (irregular) plural nouns and adjectives have a long vowel.

Some of them start with a letter with vowel "a," and
have an Alif (long "a") as a third letter and
an Alif maqsura (or sometimes Alif) as a fifth letter.

They belong to "3rd Long Leif a (4)" group.

The rhythm is "LaLaaLaa."

Here are examples of words belonging to the "3rd Long Alif a (4)" group.

meaning	plural - singular
giraffe	زَرَافَةٌ، زُرَافَةٌ -  زَرَافَى، زَرَائِفُ
- - - - -
sweet(s)	حَلْوَى - حَلاَوَى
- - - - -
full	شَبْعَانُ - شَبَاعَى، شِبَاعٌ، شَبْعَوَاتٌ
desert	صَحْرَاءُ - صَحَارَى، صَحَارٍ، صَحْرَاوَاتٌ
virgin	عَذْرَاءُ - عَذَارَى، عَذَارٍ
lazy	كَسْلاَنُ، كَسْلَى , كَسْلاَنٌ - كَسَالَى، كُسَالَى
- - - - -
captive	أَسِيرٌ -  , أَسَارَى، أُسَرَاءُ، أَسْرَى
widow(er)	أَيِّمٌ - أَيَامَى، أَيَائِمُ
sad	حَزِينٌ - حَزَانَى، حُزَنَاءُ، حِزَانٌ
ugly	قَبِيحٌ -  قَبَاحَى، قِبَاحٌ، قُبْحَى، قَبِيحَاتٌ
ill	مَرِيضٌ - مَرَاضَى، مَرْضَى، مَرِيضَاتٌ
orphan	يَتِيمٌ، يَتِيمَةٌ - يَتَامَى، أَيْتَامٌ، يَتِيمَاتٌ
- - - - -
mirror	مِرْآةٌ -  مَرَاتَا، مَرَاءٍ
- - - - -
will	نِيَّةٌ - نَوَايَا، نِيَّاتٌ
- - - - -
female	أُنْثَى - أَنَاثَى، إِنَاثٌ

Last updated: 5 May 2014.



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4Ai+N  4Au1  4Au2  4Au+N  4A+A1  4A+A2
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